Disk and drum brakes are the two main types of brakes used in automobiles. Both play a crucial role in slowing down and stopping vehicles. Drum brakes have been around longer and use cams and shoes to create friction and stop the wheel from turning. Disk brakes came later and work by using calipers to…
FMVSS-116 is a safety standard that was enacted in 1973 by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to regulate the strength of vehicle roofs in rollover crashes. The full name of the regulation is Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 116 – Roof Crush Resistance. As a U.S. federal regulation, FMVSS-116 sets forth minimum…
What is ISO 4925? ISO 4925 is an international standard that specifies the characteristics and testing methods for non-petroleum-based brake fluids used in hydraulic brake and clutch systems in road vehicles. It was first published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 2005 and updated in 2020. The standard covers requirements for brake fluids…
The SAE J1703 standard was developed by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) to specify the minimum performance requirements for motor vehicle brake fluids used in automotive hydraulic brake systems. It was first issued in 1967 and has been revised several times over the years to update and improve the specifications. The purpose of the…
A braking system is one of the most important safety components in automobiles. It consists of various mechanical parts that work together to slow down and stop a moving vehicle. Braking systems use friction to convert the kinetic energy of a moving vehicle into thermal energy, which slows the vehicle down. They are essential for…
Brake pads are a critical component in ensuring the safe operation of a vehicle. Properly functioning brake pads allow drivers to stop their vehicles smoothly and predictably. Worn or faulty brake pads can severely compromise braking performance and lead to extended stopping distances or complete brake failure, resulting in collisions and accidents. Brake pads work…
Brake pads are a key component in a vehicle’s braking system. They are responsible for providing the friction needed to slow and stop a vehicle when the brakes are applied. Brake pads consist of a metal backing plate attached to a friction material, which makes direct contact with the brake rotor. When the brake pedal…
Semi-metallic brake pads are a type of brake pad composed of 30-65% metal particles like copper, iron, or steel bonded with resins and other friction modifiers. The metal particles provide superior heat transfer and wear resistance compared to organic pads, while the resins provide the friction that stops the vehicle. Semi-metallic pads work by using…
What Are Ceramic Brake Pads? Ceramic brake pads are made from ceramic fibers, fillers, bonding agents, and small amounts of copper fibers. This composition gives ceramic pads different properties compared to semi-metallic pads. Semi-metallic brake pads contain 20-65% steel wool fibers bound together by fillers and binding agents. The steel fibers provide strength but tend…
What Are Low-Metallic NAO Brake Pads? Low-metallic NAO brake pads are a type of disc brake pad that contains a mixture of non-asbestos organic (NAO) materials and small amounts of metal, typically around 10-30% (1). The metal is usually steel or copper. The organic materials are often aramid fibers, glass fibers, rubber compounds, and cashew…